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J Am Dent Assoc, Vol 138, No 12, 1582-1587. © 2007 American Dental Association

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Case Reports

Background. Radioactive iodine 131 (¹³¹I) is an effective treatment for differentiated thyroid carcinomas. ¹³¹I targets thyroid tissue and is picked up by the salivary glands. Collateral damage results in the development of radiation sialadenitis.

Case Descriptions. The authors describe salivary gland injuries that developed in two patients who received therapeutic doses of ¹³¹I used to treat thyroid carcinoma. Accurate assessment of the glandular damage was achieved via a radioisotope study using technetium Tc 99m pertechnetate.

Conclusion and Clinical Implications. In the majority of cases, when a patient receives therapeutic doses of ¹³¹I, the patient develops an asymmetric radiation sialadenitis. Obstructive symptomatology is to be expected. Oral dryness occurs less often and is related directly to high dosages and the passage of time. Clinicians should be aware of the condition to avoid unnecessary diagnostic and therapeutic measures.

Key Words: Thyroid; radiation sialadenitis; radioactive iodine; radioisotope; technetium Tc 99m pertechnetate; scintigraphy

Abbreviations: ¹³¹I: Radioactive iodine 131 • SGC: Salivary Gland Center • TPT: Technetium Tc 99m pertechnetate